Colonial Capitalism and Rural Class Formation (ص 237)

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Colonial Capitalism and Rural Class Formation (ص 237)

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income than the smaller areas under commercial crops.
The only exception in this table are 1943 and 1944 where a rise in
prices of all three products occured. This phenomenon was largely
due to the second world war and the general rise in consumer prices at
the international level. Nevertheless, this rise too favoured the more
commercial crops such as fruits and vegetables.
The process of the displacement of small-scale by large-scale
production is considered by Marxists as the fundamental and principal
trend of capitalism (Saleh, 1979; Barakat,1978; Bagchi,1982;
Patnaik,1983). The consequence of this is not necessarily the
immediate expropriation of the peasants, but it nevertheless causes
"the ruin of the small farmnd a worsening conditions on their
farms". This process as Lenin observes "may go on for years and
decades" (Lenin, 1977:70).
The mechanization of agriculture was not confined to the private
settlements, known otherwise as the Moshava (plr.Moshavot). In fact,
these modern methods of agricultural production were characteristic of
all Jewish settlements including the co-operatives known as the Moshav
and the Kibbutz.
Alongside the development of the forces of production, the social
reiations of production in agriculture also changed.
Wage Labour in Agriculture
The quantity of hired labour exploited in reproducing the Buropean
Jewish capitalist economy was phenomenal in all private and some co-
operative settlements. Ina 1938 survey,fozr example,it was revealed
that five settlements employed 13,200 wage labourers. Hired
labourers were drawn from both the indigenous Palestinian population
223
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Colonial Capitalism and Rural Class Formation

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Nahla Abdo-Zubi

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