The Dispossession of the Peasantry (ص 116)

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The Dispossession of the Peasantry (ص 116)

المحتوى

100
capital, and in spite of the use of low-paid Arab labor,” put them “on the verge
of collapse.”*° Thus, in 1883, merely a year after the first settlement, the settlers
had to turn to the French banker, Baron de Rothschild, for help without which they
would not have survived.”” According to one estimate, Rothschild’s financial
support exceeded £P 5,000,000.
This relatively large sum of money, along with agricultural experts, who
were also provided by Rothschild, were critical components for the new form of
agricultural organization, namely, plantations of cash crops of fruits and almonds.
Most important were grapes for wine making destined primarily for export.” The
original settlers remained on the plantations, but a greater number of Arab laborers
were also used. For example, in 1889, the settlement of Zikhran Yaaqon had 200
Jewish settlers and 1,200 Arab laborers.!
Nonetheless, the plantations proved unprofitable for Rothschild, a non-
Zionist,'°' who saw his financial support to the Jewish European colonial effort
as primarily a business venture in spite of elements of philanthropy. The situation
Ibid.
**Dan Giladi, “The Agronomic Development of the Old Colonies in Palestine
(1882-1914),” in Moshe Ma’oz, 176.
"Owen, Middle East, 270-1; Giladi, 176-7.
81 ehn and Davis, 9.
Owen, Middle East, 271; Giladi, 177.
10°T ehn and Davis, 39.
10'Nathan Weinstock, Zionism: False Messiah (London: Ink Links, 1979), 67.
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The Dispossession of the Peasantry

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المنشئ

Riyad Mousa

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