Democratic Palestine : 15 (ص 29)
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CPSU 27th Congress
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The 27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
(CPSU), which convened on February 25th, can rightfully be called
the most important international event of this period. It was attended
by 5000 delegates, plus 135 representatives of progressive and
communist organizations from all over the world.
In view of the congress documents
and the speeches delivered at its ses-
sions, one can say that this congress
marks a new era of international and
socialist developments, due to the fol-
lowing facts: .
One: The congress stressed the
Soviet Union's sincere decision to
employ all means for attaining world
peace and nuclear disarmament. In the
opening speech, Secretary General
Gorbachev stressed that socialism
definitively rejects war as a means for
solving political, economic or ideological
differences: «Our aim is a disarmed,
non-violent world.»
Two: The documents of the con-
gress stress the progressive role played
by the national liberation movements
seeking to liberate their countries and
peoples from imperialist hegemony and
oppression. It was stressed that newly
liberated countries are moving in one of
two directions in their development, ei-
ther in the direction of socialism, or inthe
direction of capitalism. Consequently,
the Soviet Union will continue to support
those countries that choose the socialist
direction, and cooperate with the others.
Three: It is clear from the congress
documents that the Soviet Union will
make all efforts to improve relations with
China, because China considered the
October Revolution as vital to the victory
of the Chinese revolution; the Soviet
Union, for its part, considers the victory
of the Chinese revolution as having
strengthened the world communist
movement.
Four: In line with the emphasis put
on the importance of the Soviet Union's
economic development, the following
goals were set for the coming 15 years:
(a) doubling production; (b) fully
automatizing the economy, exploiting
currently untouched natural resources
and land without fearing unemployment,
knowing that the Soviet economy can
absorb much more man power; (3) con-
centrating on meeting the needs of
Soviet citizens in terms of quality and
quantity: (4) cutting waste of raw mate-
rials to a minimum, and benefitting max-
imally from resources.
Open discussion
The congress devoted special
attention to faults and failures of the
past, making it clear that mistakes would
be eliminated and those responsible
punished. There was a broad, open dis-
cussion to find constructive solutions for
existing problems. In a press conference
in Moscow, February 27th, CPSU Polit-
bureau member Haidar Alieve said that
questions conceming social policy had
never before been discussed so frankly
at a party congress. During the February
26th session of the congress, the leader
of the Moscow party committee, Boris
Yeltsin, said that one of the reasons
behind the economic problems of the
last decade was that the party organiza-
tion had intervened in economic affairs
to the extent of beginning to lose its role
as a political leadership. Thus, the com-
mittees of the Central Committee had
become almost like duplicates of the
ministerial committees.
On March 6th, the congress held its
closing session. A new central commit-
tee of 307 members and politbureau of
12 were elected. The composition of
these bodies showed clearly that new
dynamism had been injected in the
CPSU top leadership by the congress, in
line with the tasks the party will shoulder
in the coming period. In his closing
speech, Comrade Gorbachev urged the
congress to «bring home to every Soviet
citizen» the message of «radical trans-
formation in all spheres of our life.» @
Cuba — 3rd Party Congress
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Our people and party will always be like a single fist and a single
heart.
This was said by First Secretary
Fidel Castro at the closing session of the
3rd congress of the Communist Party of
Cuba, on February 7th. Attended by
1790 delegates and guests from 197
progressive parties and liberation move-
ments, the congress evaluated every
aspect of the party’s and country’s life —
economic and social development,
defense of the revolution, the role of the
mass organizations, etc. — in addition to
the international situation and Cuba's
role. Tasks were charted for the coming
period, and elections were held based
on a slate of candidates drawn up to
inject more women, youth, blacks and
mulattos into the leadership, strengthen-
ing its popular representative character.
The Communist Party of Cuba dis-
tinguishes itself by having developed
from a national liberation movement, by
having led the people not only to over-
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